Variación anual de la concentración de aeropolen de Compositae en la atmósfera de Córdoba

La familia Composirae corwi tU)'C un grupo CU)'OS representantes son cntomófilas, por ello las concentraciones deted adas en la atmósfera han sido bajas. El muestreo se llevó a cabo en Córdoba durante los años 1982. 1983 y 1984 mediante un mucstrcador BURKARD sporc-trap colccado a unos 15m de altura. Se han reconocido un total de 7 tí pos morfológico!> de granos de polen pertenecientes a esta ramilia: tipo Aruflemis,Artemisia, Clutaurea, tipo fleliam! tuJ, Iipo Taraxawm, Srneáo yXa11lhium. Las mayorcscantidadm. tic granos de polen de· teClados pertenecen al tipo l!t !illntlzus, considerados como alergcnos por algunos autores. Sus altas conccnt.radoncs en el aire, en la época de. rccolc.cción del girasol, hace que posiblemente tenga alguna importanci<~ e~~ las polinosis cslivalu. Se han detectado granos de polen. de procedencia lejana, deArtemi.fia, planta con polen ahamenlc alcrgógcno, por tanto pueda ser causa de polioosis de verano en aquellas zonils de !a pro\'incia donde es abundanlcThc Composírae bclong 10 a broad systcmatic group allhough, duc to rhe cntomophylous charactcr of thc spccics, the pollcn conccnltations of lhc samplcs in thc atmosphcrc in thc city of Córdob3 were not beco vcry high. Sampling of poli en grains was e<1rricd out for thrcc ycars (1982, 1983 and 1984) by n1eans ola Burkard sporc- trap samplcr locatcd about t5 m abovc ground leve!. Scvcn morphologica1 typcs of rollen grain~ wcrc recognizcd: AnOzemir, Artemisia, Ccntaurcu typc, Helianrhus typ::, Toraxocum, Su:r:cio and Xanrhium rypc~. Thc largeSI annual amounts of poUeo glilins U::tcclcd wcrc of Hefiamlms typ:, considcrcd allcrgcnic by many authors. Thc higl1er lc-.·els in thc a.ir (ounU duriog tbc. harvcsling scason of sunflowcrs may be rc.spansible for summcr pollinoscs. Arlt misia pollcn g.rains dcvcloping far from thc sampling point wcrc dctcctc:d. Thcsc !.pccics are probably responsible for parl of summcr polli noses duc lo their higb aJlergenic polcntial, at lcast in thc arcas whcrc this plant is abundan!

Influencia del método de muestreo en aeromicología: comparación de dos muestreadores volumétricos

Hemos realizado un análisis comparativo de dos upt ador~~ ' 'olumétrieos par3 el estudio de la ae romicoOora. Se han utilizado simultáneamente un BIOLOGICAL AIR SAM· PLER y un DURKARD SPORE-TRAP. Se tomaron muestras diarias dd aire deIo th.is work, a oomparative stacistical studyo( lwo !)'pes ofvolumctricspore·trap samplers wa¡ carríed out: a B!OLOG!CAL AIR SAMPLER and a BURKARD SPORETRAP. The advanlagcs and dL'-ad\·aotagcs of ca eh one tlf thc sampler is point out, rceommending thc simultancou.s use of thc l'l'-'0 in tbe acrobiological surveys. The rcsults from a wholc year were also processed by means of a comput•; r, u:sinf a variancc analysis of two vuriation sources without rt:pctition with the aim of dcte.rmining i some taxa of fuogi ¡¡re inOueuccd by the Lime of the day in which tbe sampling are ta.ken. A correla.tion bctween fangi sporc conccntrat ions and hour of sampling v.-as fcund ~'ith both apparatus

Variación estacional y diaria del polen de Olea Europaea L. en la atmósfera de Córdoba en relación con los parámetros meteorológicos

Se hu realizado un estudio de la variación estacional de los granos de polen de Olea europaea L en la atmósfera de la ciudad de Córdoba durante los años 1982 y 1983. Para la recogida de las muestras se ha utilizado el Burkard spore·trap. El polen de esta especie puede ser uno de los agc11tes más impo1tantes en CJ.11.mto <~ la producción de polinosis primaveral en nuestra ciudad, alcanzándose las máximas concentraciones durante el mes de mayo y primera quincena de junio. Se han analizado los diferentes parámetros meteorológicos (precipitación, humedad temperatura y dirección del \'icnto}. Aparentemente la precipitación y la temperatura son los que ejercen una mayor influencia en la concentración de estos pólenes en la atmósfera de Córdoba. Se ha estudiado también la variación a lo larga del dfa de la conccotraci6n de polen, en ambos años las grá~cas son casi coincide ntes, detectándose la m<.~)'Or incide nci:.~ de granos hucia las Uos o trt!S de la tan..! t.We carricd oul a study on rhc annual variarion or pollcn from Olea r.umpaea L. in ibc atmosphcrc of the city ol Córdoba along 1932 and 1983. The samplcs were collccted with t.be aid o( a Burkard sporc-trap. Pcllcn rrom this spccics, ene of thc major agcnlS causlng pollinosis, occurs in lo'Cry bight conccntration in thc atmosphcre ur Cón.Joba1 appcaring the greatest conccntratiou during may and in the first half o! junt . We havc a1so a n<~lysed the different meteorological parameters namely rainfaU, humidity, tem¡>erature, as wcll as thc wind direction. Apparentl)' the rai.nfaU and temperature exert l1le ~reates! influence on thc c.oncenlratian of "oliYe tree• palien in Córdoba. Wc ha~·e also stud1ed tlle varia tion a long a day of Olea europaea L. pollen, the graphs oblained for both ycars are vinually coincideut, with the greatesl incidencc about two or three hour pm

Estudio comparativo de Alternaria nees ex fries. en el aire de exterior e interior en la ciudad de Córdoba

Se estudia la incidencia de un género con i nterés alérgico , Alternaria, en el aire de interior y exterior de 14 hogares de Córdoba . El muestreo se ha realizado quincenalmente durante un año en 14 vivie ndas uti lizando el mét odo de sedimentación sobre medio de cultiva . Se han contabilizado 3953 colonias de Alternarla pertenecientes a las siguie ntes especies : A. consortiale , A. crassa , A. dendritica, A. japonica , A. tenuis y A. tenuissima. A. tenuis ha sido la más abundante tanto en e l interior como en e l exterior ; dos de las espec i es identificadas , A. consorti ale y A. crassa son más abundan tes en el interior ; las restantes l o son más en el exteriorWe have studi ed the occur rcnce of a genus of a llergic interest, Alternarla , in t he outdoor and indoor atmosphere of 14 homes in Córdoba . Sampling \oJas carried out by sedimentation on a bread spectrum mycologi cal medi um. Samples were collected fortnight ly over one year i n fo urteen homes . We detected a total of 3953 colonies of Al ternaria belongi ng to six different spec i es of t his genus : A. consortial e , A. crassa , A~ dendrítica, A. japonica, A. tenuis and A. tenuissima. A. t enui s v1as by f ar· t he most f r equent of the above mentioned species , both indoors a nd ou tdoor s . Two of the speci es idcntified, A. consortiale and A. crassa occurred in greater concentrations indoors ; the remaining four were fou nd to occur p r e ferentially outdoors

Genotypic and Lipid Analyses of Strains From the Archaeal Genus Halorubrum Reveal Insights Into Their Taxonomy, Divergence, and Population Structure

To gain a better understanding of how divergence occurs, and how taxonomy can benefit from studying natural populations, we isolated and examined 25 closely related Halorubrum strains obtained from different hypersaline communities and compared them to validly named species and other reference strains using five taxonomic study approaches: phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene and multilocus sequencing analysis (MLSA), polar lipid profiles (PLP), average nucleotide identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH). 16S rRNA gene sequence could not differentiate the newly isolated strains from described species, while MLSA grouped strains into three major clusters. Two of those MLSA clusters distinguished candidates for new species. The third cluster with concatenated sequence identity equal to or greater than 97.5% was comprised of strains from Aran-Bidgol Lake (Iran) and solar salterns in Namibia and Spain, and two previously described species isolated from Mexico and Algeria. PLP and DDH analyses showed that Aran-Bidgol strains formed uniform populations, and that strains isolated from other geographic locations were heterogeneous and divergent, indicating that they may constitute different species. Therefore, applying only sequencing approaches and similarity cutoffs for circumscribing species may be too conservative, lumping concealed diversity into a single taxon. Further, our data support the interpretation that local populations experience unique evolutionary homogenization pressures, and once relieved of insular constraints (e.g., through migration) are free to diverge.España, MINECO Projects CGL2013-46941-P and CGL2017-83385-

Draft Genome Sequence of the Moderately Halophilic Bacterium Marinobacter lipolyticus Strain SM19

Marinobacter lipolyticus strain SM19, isolated from saline soil in Spain, is a moderately halophilic bacterium belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of this strain, which consists of a 4.0-Mb chromosome and which is able to produce the halophilic enzyme lipase LipBL

SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs is not an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome

The aim was to assess the ability of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load at frst patient’s hospital evaluation to predict unfavorable outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study including 321 adult patients with confrmed COVID-19 through RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs. Quantitative Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA cycle threshold values were used to calculate the viral load in log10 copies/mL. Disease severity at the end of follow up was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. Primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death (n= 85, 26.4%). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load over the second quartile (≥7.35 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.003) and second tertile (≥ 8.27 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.01) were associated to unfavorable outcome in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. However, in the fnal multivariable analysis, viral load was not independently associated with an unfavorable outcome. Five predictors were independently associated with increased odds of ICU admission and/or death: age≥ 70 years, SpO2, neutrophils > 7.5 × ­103 /µL, lactate dehydrogenase≥ 300 U/L, and C-reactive protein≥ 100 mg/L. In summary, nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load on admission is generally high in patients with COVID-19, regardless of illness severity, but it cannot be used as an independent predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome

Heterozygous CAPN3 missense variants causing autosomal-dominant calpainopathy in seven unrelated families

[Aims] Recessive variants in CAPN3 gene are the cause of the commonest form of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscle dystrophy. However, two distinct in-frame deletions in CAPN3 (NM_000070.3:c.643_663del21 and c.598_621del15) and more recently, Gly445Arg and Arg572Pro substitutions have been linked to autosomal dominant (AD) forms of calpainopathy. We report 21 affected individuals from seven unrelated families presenting with an autosomal dominant form of muscular dystrophy associated with five different heterozygous missense variants in CAPN.[Methods] We have used massively parallel gene sequencing (MPS) to determine the genetic basis of a dominant form of limb girdle muscular dystrophy in affected individuals from seven unrelated families.[Results] The c.700G> A, [p.(Gly234Arg)], c.1327T> C [p.(Ser443Pro], c.1333G> A [p.(Gly445Arg)], c.1661A> C [p.(Tyr554Ser)] and c.1706T> C [p.(Phe569Ser)] CAPN3 variants were identified. Affected individuals presented in young adulthood with progressive proximal and axial weakness, waddling walking and scapular winging or with isolated hyperCKaemia. Muscle imaging showed fatty replacement of paraspinal muscles, variable degrees of involvement of the gluteal muscles, and the posterior compartment of the thigh and minor changes at the mid-leg level. Muscle biopsies revealed mild myopathic changes. Western blot analysis revealed a clear reduction in calpain 3 in skeletal muscle relative to controls. Protein modelling of these variants on the predicted structure of calpain 3 revealed that all variants are located in proximity to the calmodulin-binding site and are predicted to interfere with proteolytic activation.[Conclusions] We expand the genotypic spectrum of CAPN3-associated muscular dystrophy due to autosomal dominant missense variants.This study was funded in part by Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the project PI14/00738 to M. O. (co-funded by European Regional Development Fund. ERDF, a way to build Europe). We thank CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support NGL (APP1117510) and GR (APP1122952) are supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). This work is also funded by an NHMRC Project Grant (APP1080587).Peer reviewe

BNIP3 Is Involved in Muscle Fiber Atrophy in Late-Onset Pompe Disease Patients

Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare genetic disorder produced by mutations in the GAA gene and is characterized by progressive muscle weakness. LOPD muscle biopsies show accumulation of glycogen along with the autophagic vacuoles associated with atrophic muscle fibers. The expression of molecules related to muscle fiber atrophy in muscle biopsies of LOPD patients was studied using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), a well-known atrogene, was identified as a potential mediator of muscle fiber atrophy in LOPD muscle biopsies. Vacuolated fibers in LOPD patient muscle biopsies were smaller than nonvacuolated fibers and expressed BNIP3. The current data suggested that BNIP3 expression is regulated by inhibition of the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, leading to phosphorylation of Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) at Ser317 by AMP-activated protein kinase. Myoblasts and myotubes obtained from LOPD patients and age-matched controls were studied to confirm these results using different molecular techniques. Myotubes derived from LOPD patients were likewise smaller and expressed BNIP3. Conclusively, transfection of BNIP3 into control myotubes led to myotube atrophy. These findings suggest a cascade that starts with the inhibition of the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and activation of BNIP3 expression, leading to progressive muscle fiber atrophy. These results open the door to potential new treatments targeting BNIP3 to reduce its deleterious effects on muscle fiber atrophy in Pompe disease.Peer reviewe

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Virgen del Rocío Hospital COVID-19 Working Team José Miguel Cisneros, Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre, Judith Berastegui-Cabrera, Pedro Camacho-Martínez, Carmen Infante-Domínguez, Marta Carretero-Ledesma, Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas, Eduardo Márquez, José Manuel Lomas, Claudio Bueno, Rosario Amaya, José Antonio Lepe, Jerónimo Pachón, Elisa Cordero, Javier Sánchez-Céspedes, Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Almudena Aguilera, Clara Aguilera, Teresa Aldabo-Pallas, Verónica Alfaro-Lara, Cristina Amodeo, Javier Ampuero, María Dolores Avilés, Maribel Asensio, Bosco Barón-Franco, Lydia Barrera-Pulido, Rafael Bellido-Alba, Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel, Candela Caballero-Eraso, Macarena Cabrera, Enrique Calderón, Jesús Carbajal-Guerrero, Manuela Cid-Cumplido, Yael Corcia-Palomo, Juan Delgado, Antonio Domínguez-Petit, Alejandro Deniz, Reginal Dusseck-Brutus, Ana Escoresca-Ortega, Fátima Espinosa, Nuria Espinosa, Michelle Espinoza, Carmen Ferrándiz-Millón, Marta Ferrer, Teresa Ferrer, Ignacio Gallego-Texeira, Rosa Gámez-Mancera, Emilio García, Horacio García-Delgado, Manuel García-Gutiérrez, María Luisa Gascón-Castillo, Aurora González-Estrada, Demetrio González, Carmen Gómez-González, Rocío González-León, Carmen Grande-Cabrerizo, Sonia Gutiérrez, Carlos Hernández-Quiles, Inmaculada Concepción Herrera-Melero, Marta Herrero-Romero, Luis Jara, Carlos Jiménez-Juan, Silvia Jiménez-Jorge, Mercedes Jiménez-Sánchez, Julia Lanseros-Tenllado, Carmina López, Isabel López, Álvaro López-Barrios, Luis F. López-Cortés, Rafael Luque-Márquez, Daniel Macías-García, Guillermo Martín-Gutiérrez, Luis Martín-Villén, José Molina, Aurora Morillo, María Dolores Navarro-Amuedo, Dolores Nieto-Martín, Francisco Ortega, María Paniagua-García, Amelia Peña-Rodríguez, Esther Pérez, Manuel Poyato, Julia Praena-Segovia, Rafaela Ríos, Cristina Roca-Oporto, Jesús F. Rodríguez, María Jesús Rodríguez-Hernández, Santiago Rodríguez-Suárez, Ángel Rodríguez-Villodres, Nieves Romero-Rodríguez, Ricardo Ruiz, Zida Ruiz de Azua, Celia Salamanca, Sonia Sánchez, Víctor Manuel Sánchez-Montagut, César Sotomayor, Alejandro Suárez Benjumea & Javier ToralSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19.This work was supported by Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades Junta de Andalucia (research Project CV20-85418), Consejeria de salud Junta de Andalucia (Research Contract RH-0037-2020 to JV) the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP19/00159 to AGV, FI17/00186 to MRJL, FI19/00083 to MCGC, CM20/00243 to APG, and COV20/00698 to support COHVID-GS) and the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en SIDA (RD16/0025/0020 and RD16/0025/0026), which is included in the Acción Estratégica en Salud, Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, 2008 to 2011 and 2013 to 2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondos FEDER. ERM was supported by the Spanish Research Council (CSIC).Peer reviewe